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马哥linux运维学习笔记-LVM之一
发布时间：2018-07-29 17:42:49编辑：雪饮阅读（）
逻辑卷的创建步骤:
(1)物理卷(2)卷组(3)逻辑卷
创建物理卷
准备3个分区类型是8e的分区，分别是7G、3G、5G
注意:fdisk命令最多创建15个分区
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 915 7349706 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sdb2 916 1308 3156772+ 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sdb3 1309 1962 5253255 8e Linux LVM
mke2fs -j /dev/sdb1
mke2fs -j /dev/sdb2
mke2fs -j /dev/sdb3
使用两个分区创建两个物理卷
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb{1,2}
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created
查看当前系统的所有pv
注意：pv是指物理卷
[root@localhost ~]# pvs
PV VG Fmt Attr PSize PFree
/dev/sda2 VolGroup lvm2 a-- 19.51g 0
/dev/sdb1 lvm2 --- 7.01g 7.01g
/dev/sdb2 lvm2 --- 3.01g 3.01g
查看当前系统所有pv的详细信息
[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sda2
VG Name VolGroup
PV Size 19.51 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
Allocatable yes (but full)
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 4994
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 4994
PV UUID NFo5LR-c6oJ-MZZU-ESEc-mazc-qRuj-AwxT6L
"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "7.01 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name
PV Size 7.01 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID LbBVtx-XkUV-YmDh-1ecq-Ift2-1d2u-BaOk0O
"/dev/sdb2" is a new physical volume of "3.01 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb2
VG Name
PV Size 3.01 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID CNFTuX-j2c7-YM0q-MBCX-jEzo-LvrK-l8WrxM
查看指定某个pv 详细信息
[root@localhost ~]# pvdisplay /dev/sdb1
"/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "7.01 GiB"
--- NEW Physical volume ---
PV Name /dev/sdb1
VG Name
PV Size 7.01 GiB
Allocatable NO
PE Size 0
Total PE 0
Free PE 0
Allocated PE 0
PV UUID LbBVtx-XkUV-YmDh-1ecq-Ift2-1d2u-BaOk0O
扫描汇总当前系统上所有pv
[root@localhost ~]# pvscan
PV /dev/sda2 VG VolGroup lvm2 [19.51 GiB / 0 free]
PV /dev/sdb1 lvm2 [7.01 GiB]
PV /dev/sdb2 lvm2 [3.01 GiB]
Total: 3 [29.53 GiB] / in use: 1 [19.51 GiB] / in no VG: 2 [10.02 GiB]
创建卷组
查看当前系统上所有卷组
[root@localhost ~]# vgs
VG #PV #LV #SN Attr VSize VFree
VolGroup 1 2 0 wz--n- 19.51g 0
创建卷组,将两个物理卷创建为一个卷组
[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate myvg /dev/sdb{1,2}
Volume group "myvg" successfully created
显示指定卷组详情
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay myvg
--- Volume group ---
VG Name myvg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 10.02 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 2564
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 2564 / 10.02 GiB
VG UUID 7vPbNo-9Ku8-niuD-PoyD-pybJ-UBqs-3ImXrg
删除指定卷组
[root@localhost ~]# vgremove myvg
Volume group "myvg" successfully removed
创建卷组并指定加入的卷的盘区(pe)的大小
注意：当多个物理卷共同创建了一个卷组后，那么参与创建该卷组的每个物理卷内部会形成多个盘区，盘区被称为pe
[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate -s 8M myvg /dev/sdb{1,2}
Volume group "myvg" successfully created
将物理卷中的数据移出，会被放置到其他物理卷中，具体放到哪里由系统决定
[root@localhost ~]# pvmove /dev/sdb1
No data to move for myvg
从指定卷组中移出指定物理卷
[root@localhost ~]# vgreduce myvg /dev/sdb1
Removed "/dev/sdb1" from volume group "myvg"
删除指定物理卷中的所有数据(若物理卷在卷组中则需要先从卷组中移出)
[root@localhost ~]# pvremove /dev/sdb1
Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully wiped
卷组扩展，将刚才没有使用的第三个分区加入到该卷组
[root@localhost ~]# vgextend myvg /dev/sdb3
Physical volume "/dev/sdb3" successfully created
Volume group "myvg" successfully extended
创建逻辑卷
-L指定逻辑卷大小，-n指定逻辑卷名称，最后再跟上一个卷组名称
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 50M -n testlv myvg
Rounding up size to full physical extent 56.00 MiB
Logical volume "testlv" created
查看所有逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/myvg/testlv
LV Name testlv
VG Name myvg
LV UUID gazBJT-DLII-2fBe-bO3H-TC1m-dJlP-zOMcKS
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost, 2018-07-29 19:56:44 +0800
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 56.00 MiB
Current LE 7
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:2
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/VolGroup/lv_root
LV Name lv_root
VG Name VolGroup
LV UUID kzy8rp-zUSG-cm2h-wPLF-Foda-addk-oeetSY
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2018-06-24 05:55:25 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 17.51 GiB
Current LE 4482
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/VolGroup/lv_swap
LV Name lv_swap
VG Name VolGroup
LV UUID eM71XS-Pbjw-ycC3-y230-R9hx-z1Ao-edkjyH
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2018-06-24 05:55:27 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 2.00 GiB
Current LE 512
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:1
查看指定逻辑卷(路径是先物理卷组名然后才是逻辑卷名)
[root@localhost ~]# lvdisplay /dev/myvg/testlv
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/myvg/testlv
LV Name testlv
VG Name myvg
LV UUID gazBJT-DLII-2fBe-bO3H-TC1m-dJlP-zOMcKS
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost, 2018-07-29 19:56:44 +0800
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 56.00 MiB
Current LE 7
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:2
格式化逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]# mke2fs -j /dev/myvg/testlv
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
文件系统标签=
操作系统:Linux
块大小=1024 (log=0)
分块大小=1024 (log=0)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
14336 inodes, 57344 blocks
2867 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
第一个数据块=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=58720256
7 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961
正在写入inode表: 完成
Creating journal (4096 blocks): 完成
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: 完成
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 35 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
挂载逻辑卷
mount /dev/myvg/testlv /ljj
挂载后进入目录查看当前目录挂载很奇葩,竟然是在dev/mapper下挂载的，并且用"组名-"做前缀名
[root@localhost ~]# cd /ljj
[root@localhost ljj]# ls
lost+found
[root@localhost ljj]# mount
/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root on / type ext4 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0")
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext4 (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
gvfs-fuse-daemon on /root/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev)
/dev/mapper/myvg-testlv on /ljj type ext3 (rw)
两种逻辑卷移除方法(因为有了奇葩的挂载路径才导致两种移除方法)
[root@localhost ~]# lvremove /dev/mapper/myvg-testlv
Logical volume myvg/testlv contains a filesystem in use.
[root@localhost ~]# umount /ljj
[root@localhost ~]# lvremove /dev/myvg/testlv
Do you really want to remove active logical volume testlv? [y/n]: y
Logical volume "testlv" successfully removed
汇总查看当前系统的逻辑卷
[root@localhost ~]# lvs
LV VG Attr LSize Pool Origin Data% Meta% Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
lv_root VolGroup -wi-ao---- 17.51g
lv_swap VolGroup -wi-ao---- 2.00g
关键字词：linux,LVM,逻辑卷